Abstract Palmitoleic acid (C16:1n7, POA), a 16-carbon ω-7 monounsaturated functional fatty acid, has been demonstrated a variety of beneficial properties to human health and a wide range of applications in nutrition, medical and chemical industries. Lipozyme® RM IM (Rhizomucor Miehei lipase), a Sn-1,3 specific lipase, was used to catalyze the hydrolysis of seabuckthorn fruit oil and produce monoglycates rich in palmitoleic acid. The fruit oil of seabuckthorn was used as the research object, the dosage of enzyme taking 10% wt.% oil, the influence of water/oil ratio, pH value and reaction temperature to hydrolysis rate were investigated, and then the response surface methodology was applied for optimizing the process conditions. Further, the relationship between the hydrolysis rate and the content of monoacylglycerol was studied under the optimal hydrolysis conditions. The result indicated that the optimal combined condition is as follows: the reaction temperature is 55°C, the pH is 7, the water-oil quality ratio is 1:1. The hydrolysis rate achieved 79.59% within 12 h in the condition above. Under the optimal conditions, the hydrolysis rate was positively correlated with the content of monoester, and the correlation coefficient was 0.999 within the first 10 h of the reaction. The hydrolysis rate was 66.76% at 10 h, and the content of monoglyceride reached the highest of 61.11%. Hereafter, the hydrolysis of monoglyceride began if the reaction continued. The content of palmitoleic acid increased from 27.11% to 40.84%, and that of linoleic acid increased from 4.51% to 33.34%, so the total amount of the two functional fatty acids reached 74.18%. Enzymatic hydrolysis can be an effective way to improve the function of seabuckthorn fruit oil.

RESUMO Introdução: A troponina cardíaca (CTN) tem uma alta especificidade orgânica, o que indica que lesões do miocárdio estão presentes. No entanto, vale observar que seu aumento não sugere que o miocárdio, necessariamente, apresenta necrose isquêmica. Objetivo: Observar as mudanças no conteúdo do soro kerocalino I (CTNI) após o exercício, explorar os efeitos do treino de exercícios nos hematócitos e que causam danos ao estimulo celular do miocárdio. Métodos: 18 ratos foram divididos em três grupos neste estudo, e três exercícios foram conduzidos separadamente. Resultados: Após seis semanas de treino com exercícios, o número de células vermelhas no sangue aumentou, e o conteúdo de troponina I (CTNI) no soro também aumentou consideravelmente. O soro CTNI do grupo descartável de alta força foi consideravelmente mais alto do que o do grupo imóvel (P <0,001). O nível CTNI de soro no grupo de exercícios de seis semanas foi significativamente mais alto do que aquele do grupo imóvel (P <0,001), mas o nível CTNI do soro entre os dois grupos de exercício não diferiu. Conclusões: O modelo de treino móvel usado neste estudo pode recuperar o número de células vermelhas no sangue, melhorar a capacidade sincrônica do sangue e auxiliar no aumento da capacidade aeróbica do corpo. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos – investigação de resultados de tratamento.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Cardiac Troponin (CTN) has a strong organ specificity, which indicates that myocardial injury is present. However, it is worth noting that the increase does not suggest that the myocardium necessarily presents ischemic necrosis. Objective: To observe the changes in serum kerocalin I (CTNI) content after exercise, explore the effects of exercise training on hematocytes and that cause damage to myocardial cell stimulation. Methods: 18 rats were divided into three groups in this study, and three exercises were conducted separately. Results: After 6 weeks of exercise training, the number of red blood cells increased and the content of troponin I (CTNI) in the serum also significantly increased. The serum CTNI of the disposable large strength group was significantly higher than that of the quiet group (P <0.001). The serum CTNI in the 6-week exercise group was significantly higher than that of the quiet group (P <0.001), but the serum CTNI level between the two sports groups was not different. Conclusions: The motion training model used in this study can improve the number of red blood cells in the blood, improve synchronous blood capacity, and help the body's aerobic capacity increase. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.

Resumen Introducción: La troponina cardíaca (CTN) tiene una alta especificidad orgánica, que indica que lesiones del miocardio están presentes. Sin embargo, vale observar que su aumento no sugiere que el miocardio necesariamente presente necrosis isquémica Objetivo: Observar los cambios en el contenido del suero cardíaco troponina I (CTNI) tras el ejercicio, explorar los efectos del entrenamiento de ejercicios en los hematocitos y que causan daños al estímulo celular del miocardio. Métodos: Se dividió 18 ratones en tres grupos en este estudio, y se condujo tres ejercicios separadamente. Resultados: Tras seis semanas de entrenamiento con ejercicios, el número de células rojas en la sangre aumentó, y el contenido de troponina I (CTNI) en el suero también aumentó considerablemente. El suero CTNI del grupo desechable de alta fuerza fue considerablemente más alto que del grupo inmueble (P<0,001). El nivel CTNI de suero en el grupo de ejercicios de seis semanas fue significativamente más alto que en el grupo inmueble (P<0,001), pero el nivel CTNI de suero entre los dos grupos de ejercicio no difirió. Conclusión: El modelo de entrenamiento mueble usado en este estudio puede recuperar el número de células rojas en la sangre, mejorar la capacidad sincrónica de la sangre y auxiliar en el aumento de la capacidad aeróbica del cuerpo. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos – investigación de resultados de tratamiento.

The retrotransposon known as long interspersed nuclear element-1 (L1) is 6 kb long, although most L1s in mammalian and other eukaryotic cells are truncated. L1 contains two open reading frames, ORF1 and ORF2, that code for an RNA-binding protein and a protein with endonuclease and reverse transcriptase activities, respectively. In this work, we examined the effects of full length L1-ORF2 and ORF2 fragments on green fluorescent protein gene (GFP) expression when inserted into the pEGFP-C1 vector downstream of GFP. All of the ORF2 fragments in sense orientation inhibited GFP expression more than when in antisense orientation, which suggests that small ORF2 fragments contribute to the distinct inhibitory effects of this ORF on gene expression. These results provide the first evidence that different 280-bp fragments have distinct effects on the termination of gene transcription, and that when inserted in the antisense direction, fragment 280-9 (the 3' end fragment of ORF2) induces premature termination of transcription that is consistent with the effect of ORF2.